Aquila Medical Center · Singapore CBD
RF Vaginal Rejuvenation in Singapore
Doctor-led radiofrequency treatment for selected vaginal and vulvovaginal concerns. RF treatment uses controlled radiofrequency energy to warm tissue and may be considered for symptoms such as self-reported vaginal laxity or selected menopause-related vulvovaginal concerns after appropriate assessment.
At Aquila Medical Center, RF is not presented as a cure-all for pelvic-floor, urinary, sexual or menopausal symptoms. Vaginal laxity, dryness, discomfort, stress urinary leakage and sexual concerns can have different causes, so diagnosis and realistic treatment selection come first.
This page sets out what radiofrequency treatment is, what the published evidence does and does not currently support, who may be suitable, what the alternatives are, and where treatment would be inappropriate. It is deliberately more cautious than most marketing on this subject, because intimate-health symptoms are commonly misattributed and the consequences of treating the wrong problem are not trivial.
What RF treatment is
A non-surgical energy-based procedure that uses controlled tissue heating. The aim is to create a thermal response that may influence collagen remodelling, local circulation and tissue characteristics.
What it may help
Selected women with self-reported vaginal laxity or certain genitourinary symptoms may notice improvement. Evidence differs by indication, device and study design, so benefits should not be guaranteed.
What it does not replace
RF does not replace pelvic-floor rehabilitation, evaluation of prolapse or incontinence, treatment of infection, or evidence-based management of genitourinary syndrome of menopause when those are the main issues.
| Treatment type | Non-surgical, energy-based. Controlled radiofrequency heating delivered through internal and/or external applicators |
|---|---|
| Device used at Aquila | Venus Fiore — multi-polar radiofrequency combined with pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF), with temperature monitoring and single-use treatment tips |
| Concerns discussed | Self-reported vaginal laxity, selected genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) symptoms, external labial or mons-pubis laxity |
| Anaesthesia | Generally none. Most patients describe warmth rather than sharp pain, though sensitivity varies |
| Session structure | Manufacturer protocols commonly describe a short series spaced several weeks apart. The appropriate number depends on indication and response, not on a package |
| Downtime | Usually minimal. Temporary warmth, redness, swelling, irritation or discharge can occur |
| Evidence status | Observational studies are generally more favourable than randomised sham-controlled trials. Benefit is possible, not guaranteed, and varies by indication and device |
| Not appropriate for | Pregnancy, active genital or urinary infection, unexplained bleeding, open wounds, recent vaginal surgery, or where examination suggests prolapse or another condition needing specialist review |
| Where | Aquila Medical Center, 160 Robinson Road, #05-01 SBF Centre Medical Suites, Singapore 068914 |
Understanding the treatment
What is radiofrequency vaginal rejuvenation?
“Vaginal rejuvenation” is a broad marketing term rather than a single medical diagnosis. In practice, women may use the term when describing vaginal looseness after childbirth, dryness or discomfort around menopause, changes in sexual function, mild urinary leakage, or concerns about external vulvar tissue. These problems should be separated clinically because they do not share one cause or one best treatment.
Radiofrequency devices deliver electromagnetic energy that is converted to heat within tissue. Depending on the device, treatment may involve an internal vaginal applicator, external applicators for the labia or mons pubis, or a combination. Controlled heating is intended to trigger a local tissue response. Laboratory and histological studies have described changes such as collagen remodelling and increased vascularity after some RF protocols, but clinical outcomes depend on the exact device, settings, indication and patient.
The proposed mechanism is worth understanding honestly. Heating collagen-containing tissue to a controlled temperature range causes immediate partial denaturation of collagen fibres and initiates a wound-healing response over the following weeks, with fibroblast activity and new collagen deposition. In skin, this mechanism is well characterised. In vaginal mucosa, the tissue is thinner, more vascular, hormonally responsive and structurally different, so extrapolating skin data directly to the vagina is not sound reasoning — a point the international expert literature has made repeatedly.
Aquila uses the Venus Fiore platform for feminine-health RF treatment. Venus Fiore combines multi-polar radiofrequency with pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) and uses temperature monitoring during treatment. The system has internal and external applicators with disposable treatment tips. Regulatory indications vary between countries, so device clearance in one jurisdiction should not be interpreted as universal approval for every vaginal, urinary or sexual-health claim.
It is also useful to distinguish RF from vaginal laser. Both are energy-based, but laser devices deposit energy according to how specific wavelengths are absorbed by water in tissue, often ablating microscopic columns. RF is not wavelength-dependent in the same way and heats through tissue impedance, which generally means a more diffuse, non-ablative thermal effect. Neither is inherently superior; the published evidence for both remains less mature than marketing tends to imply.
Diagnosis before device
Different symptoms need different pathways
Vaginal laxity
Vaginal laxity is usually a patient-reported feeling of looseness, often after childbirth. It is not identical to pelvic-organ prolapse or weak pelvic-floor muscles. Research on RF is promising in some studies, but high-quality trials are still limited and results are not uniform.
Menopause-related dryness
Dryness, burning, irritation, painful intercourse and urinary symptoms may be part of genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM). Moisturisers, lubricants and prescription therapies have established roles. RF can be discussed as a non-hormonal option in selected women, but long-term evidence remains less mature.
Stress urinary leakage
Leakage with coughing, laughing or exercise can reflect stress urinary incontinence. Supervised pelvic-floor muscle training is recommended as first-line treatment in major guidelines. RF should not be marketed as a substitute for appropriate continence assessment and pelvic-floor rehabilitation.
Pain with intercourse
Dyspareunia has many causes: vaginal dryness, pelvic-floor overactivity, vulvodynia, vulvar dermatoses such as lichen sclerosus, endometriosis, infection or scarring after childbirth. Several of these worsen with heat or with any procedure applied before diagnosis, so pain is a reason to examine rather than to treat.
Prolapse and pressure
A sensation of a bulge, heaviness or something coming down suggests pelvic-organ prolapse, which is a structural problem. Energy devices do not correct prolapse. Assessment, pessary fitting, pelvic-floor rehabilitation or surgical review are the appropriate pathways.
Reduced sensation or desire
Changes in arousal, sensation or desire are multifactorial — hormonal status, medication (including some antidepressants and contraceptives), sleep, mood, pain, relationship context and general health all contribute. A device applied to tissue does not address most of these.
What the evidence says
RF for vaginal laxity, GSM and sexual function
The evidence base for vaginal energy devices has changed considerably over the last decade. Early observational studies frequently reported improvements in vaginal tightness, sexual-function scores, dryness and patient satisfaction. However, observational studies are vulnerable to placebo effects, selection bias, lack of blinding and regression to the mean. More recent randomized and sham-controlled trials provide a more cautious picture.
A 2024 systematic review and meta-analysis of treatments for vaginal laxity found that observational studies suggested improvement in sexual function after radiofrequency or laser treatment, but this improvement was not confirmed when only randomized controlled trials were analysed. The same review highlighted heterogeneity in definitions, devices, protocols and follow-up periods. This means the phrase “clinically proven vaginal tightening” is too broad unless it refers to a specific device, population and outcome.
One randomized trial comparing pelvic-floor muscle training with radiofrequency found that both groups improved on several symptom measures. RF was non-inferior to pelvic-floor training for sexual-function score at 30 days, but that finding was not maintained at six months, and pelvic-floor muscle contraction outcomes favoured training. A separate double-blind sham-controlled trial of multi-polar RF combined with PEMF reported improvement in vaginal-laxity scores and some sexual-function measures over short-term follow-up, illustrating why device-specific evidence matters.
For GSM, newer randomized-trial meta-analyses suggest RF may improve some sexual-function outcomes in postmenopausal women, while measures of vaginal health have not consistently been superior to vaginal estrogen, laser or placebo/moisturiser comparators. Long-term durability, optimal retreatment intervals and comparative effectiveness remain areas of active research.
Professional bodies have been correspondingly measured. The American Urogynecologic Society’s clinical consensus statement on vaginal energy-based devices used a formal Delphi process and found that a substantial proportion of proposed statements failed to reach consensus, with insufficient evidence cited as the principal reason. An international multidisciplinary expert panel reached a similar conclusion: that good-quality data on safety, benefit and appropriate use of vaginal RF and laser remain sparse. These are not fringe positions; they represent the mainstream professional view.
There is a further nuance that marketing rarely acknowledges. In trials of intimate-health interventions, sham and control groups frequently improve substantially. Attention, examination, reassurance, permission to discuss the symptom, and the act of measuring it all produce genuine change in patient-reported scores. That is precisely why sham-controlled designs matter here more than in most areas of aesthetic medicine, and why open-label case series showing high satisfaction should be interpreted with real caution.
| Indication | What the stronger evidence currently suggests | How it should be presented |
|---|---|---|
| Self-reported vaginal laxity | Observational studies favourable; randomised evidence less consistent. One sham-controlled trial of multi-polar RF with PEMF reported short-term improvement. | A reasonable option to discuss, with short-term rather than guaranteed long-term benefit. |
| GSM / vulvovaginal dryness | Some randomised meta-analytic signal for sexual-function outcomes; not consistently superior to vaginal estrogen or moisturiser comparators for vaginal health measures. | A possible non-hormonal option after established alternatives have been explained. |
| Sexual function scores | Mixed. Improvement reported in several studies, but not reliably maintained versus active comparators at longer follow-up. | Possible improvement, influenced by many non-device factors. |
| Stress urinary incontinence | Some studies report symptom improvement, but RF has not displaced supervised pelvic-floor muscle training as first-line care in major guidelines. | Not a first-line treatment and not a substitute for continence assessment. |
| Pelvic-organ prolapse | No evidence that energy devices correct structural prolapse. | Not an indication. Requires specialist assessment. |
| Fertility | No credible evidence of benefit. | Not an indication under any circumstances. |
Who may be suitable
When RF treatment may be considered
RF may be considered after assessment when symptoms are mild to moderate, there is no untreated infection or concerning pelvic finding, and the patient understands the alternatives. Examples include women who describe vaginal laxity after childbirth, selected postmenopausal women seeking a non-hormonal option for vulvovaginal symptoms, or women interested in non-surgical external tissue treatment.
- Self-reported vaginal laxity after childbirth or with ageing.
- Selected GSM-related dryness or discomfort when appropriate alternatives have been discussed.
- External labial or mons-pubis skin laxity where an external RF applicator is suitable.
- Women who prefer a non-surgical approach and accept that results vary.
- Women for whom hormonal therapy is unsuitable, declined, or contraindicated, and who understand that non-hormonal does not mean better established.
- Women who have already engaged with pelvic-floor rehabilitation where that was indicated, rather than using RF to avoid it.
RF may be inappropriate or should be postponed during pregnancy, with active genital or urinary infection, open wounds, significant unexplained bleeding, untreated pelvic pain, recent vaginal surgery, or when examination suggests prolapse or another condition requiring specialist evaluation. Device-specific contraindications and relevant implanted electronic devices must also be reviewed before treatment.
Additional situations that warrant caution or deferral include undiagnosed vulvar skin change, a history of vulvar dermatosis such as lichen sclerosus, previous pelvic radiotherapy, current or recent malignancy of the reproductive tract, abnormal cervical screening that has not been followed up, and any pain syndrome that has not been characterised. Where a woman is under the care of a gynaecologist or urogynaecologist for a related condition, coordination with that clinician is appropriate before adding a device treatment.
What happens at Aquila
A typical RF feminine-health appointment
1. Consultation
We review the symptom you actually want to improve, childbirth and menopause history, urinary symptoms, sexual discomfort, infections, previous pelvic surgery, medications and relevant medical conditions. Examination or referral may be appropriate depending on the complaint.
2. Treatment
A single-use applicator tip is used according to the treatment area. The device delivers controlled RF energy with temperature feedback. Patients generally describe warmth rather than sharp pain, although individual sensitivity varies and discomfort can occur.
3. Aftercare
Most patients can return to usual non-strenuous activities quickly. Temporary warmth, redness, swelling, irritation or discharge can occur. Instructions about intercourse, exercise, bathing and symptom monitoring depend on the treated area and individual response.
Practically, an internal treatment involves lying in a position similar to a routine gynaecological examination. A lubricated single-use applicator is introduced and moved systematically while the device monitors tissue temperature. Most women describe the sensation as a spreading internal warmth. The energy-delivery portion of an appointment is usually short; the consultation and consent discussion around it typically take longer than the treatment itself.
| Stage | What is typical | What to watch for |
|---|---|---|
| Immediately after | Mild warmth or flushing of the treated area. Most women drive themselves home and resume ordinary activity. | Significant pain, burning or bleeding is not expected and should be reported. |
| First 24–72 hours | Possible mild swelling, redness, irritation or a change in discharge. Usually settles without intervention. | Fever, offensive discharge or worsening pain warrants prompt review. |
| First week | Advice on intercourse, tampon use, swimming, sauna and vigorous exercise depends on the area treated and is given individually. | Any new or persistent symptom should be raised rather than waited out. |
| Weeks 4–12 | If a tissue response occurs, patient-reported change generally emerges gradually over this period rather than immediately. | Absence of change is a legitimate outcome and a reason to reconsider the diagnosis. |
| Review | Symptoms are reassessed against what you originally reported, using the same wording rather than a new scale. | Whether to continue, stop or change direction is decided here. |
Manufacturer protocols commonly describe a short treatment time per area and a series of sessions spaced several weeks apart. Aquila does not promise that every patient needs the same number. Session number should depend on the indication, device protocol, clinical response and whether other treatment—such as pelvic-floor rehabilitation or menopause therapy—is more appropriate. If there has been no meaningful change in the symptom you came in for, continuing to buy sessions is rarely the right answer.
Safety & regulation
Why “FDA-approved vaginal rejuvenation” is misleading
Energy-based vaginal devices have often been marketed with broad “FDA-approved” language. That wording requires care. In July 2018 the US FDA issued a safety communication warning patients and clinicians that the safety and effectiveness of energy-based devices for vaginal “rejuvenation,” cosmetic vaginal procedures, or the treatment of symptoms related to menopause, urinary incontinence or sexual function had not been established, and wrote to several manufacturers about inappropriate marketing. Regulatory status also differs by device and by country.
The FDA communication also listed the adverse events that prompted it: vaginal burns, scarring, pain during intercourse and recurring or chronic pain. These are uncommon, but they are the reason this page does not describe the treatment as risk-free. A subsequent analysis of the FDA adverse-event database identified reports associated with vaginal energy-device procedures, reinforcing that these are medical procedures requiring proper indication, device selection and operator training.
For Venus Fiore specifically, publicly available regulatory materials describe broader feminine-health indications in some non-US markets. US clearance has included other RF indications and should not automatically be interpreted as US approval for every vaginal laxity, GSM, urinary or sexual-health claim. In Singapore, treatment decisions should be based on local device availability, clinician assessment and the evidence for the intended use rather than overseas marketing terminology.
Potential adverse effects reported with vaginal energy-based treatments include transient pain or burning, redness, swelling, irritation and discharge. Rare but important complications reported across energy-device categories include burns, persistent pain or scarring. This is why treatment should be performed with an appropriate device, trained operator, temperature monitoring where applicable and a clear follow-up pathway.
A reasonable set of questions to ask any clinic offering this treatment: which specific device is used, what its regulatory status is for the indication you have, who performs the treatment, what happens if there is no improvement, and whether the clinic will tell you when a different treatment would serve you better. A clinic that cannot answer the last question comfortably is not the right place to have this procedure.
Compare options
RF is one option within feminine health care
| Concern | First questions to ask | Options that may be discussed |
|---|---|---|
| Vaginal laxity | Is this subjective looseness, pelvic-floor weakness, or pelvic-organ prolapse? | Pelvic-floor assessment/training, RF or laser in selected patients, and surgical consultation when clinically indicated. |
| Menopause-related dryness or pain | Could this be GSM, infection, dermatologic disease or another cause of dyspareunia? | Lubricants/moisturisers, prescription menopause therapies where appropriate, and selected non-hormonal device options after counselling. |
| Stress urinary leakage | Is leakage triggered by exertion? Is there urgency, prolapse or another urinary problem? | Supervised pelvic-floor muscle training first-line; continence evaluation, pessary or surgical options depending on severity; energy devices are not first-line substitutes. |
| External vulvar laxity | Is the concern functional, dermatologic or cosmetic? | External RF where suitable, conservative care, or surgical discussion for selected anatomical concerns. |
| Pain with intercourse | Is the pain at the entrance or deep? Is it new, positional or constant? | Examination first. Management may involve lubrication, topical therapy, pelvic-floor physiotherapy, dermatologic treatment or gynaecological referral. |
| Bulge or heaviness | Is there a sensation of something descending, worse at the end of the day? | Prolapse assessment, pessary fitting, pelvic-floor rehabilitation or urogynaecology referral. Not an energy-device indication. |
| Recurrent irritation or discharge | Is there an infective, dermatologic or contact-irritant cause? | Diagnosis and treatment of the underlying cause. Procedures should wait until the cause is identified and settled. |
Before deciding on treatment
Questions worth answering first
Intimate-health symptoms can overlap. A woman who describes “looseness” may actually be noticing pelvic-floor weakness after childbirth, a mild prolapse, reduced sensation, or a change in lubrication. A woman who reports dryness may have GSM, but irritation can also arise from infection, vulvar dermatitis, contact allergy or medication effects. Pain with intercourse can be related to dryness, pelvic-floor overactivity, vulvodynia, endometriosis or other pelvic conditions. Treating all of these complaints with the same energy device risks missing the diagnosis.
A useful consultation therefore asks what changed, when it started, whether symptoms are internal or external, whether there is urinary urgency or leakage, whether there is a bulge or pressure sensation, whether intercourse is painful, and whether there has been childbirth, menopause, pelvic surgery or recurrent infection. Examination is not mandatory for every conversation, but it may be important when the symptom pattern suggests prolapse, infection, significant atrophy, skin disease or another condition that changes management.
Women should also understand the alternatives before choosing RF. For vaginal dryness, moisturisers, lubricants and prescription menopause therapies may be more appropriate. For stress urinary incontinence, supervised pelvic-floor muscle training has strong guideline support. For significant prolapse or anatomical problems, urogynecology or gynecologic review may be necessary. RF is best positioned as one possible option within a broader feminine-health pathway rather than as a replacement for established care.
Cost and commitment deserve the same honesty. Energy-based intimate treatments are usually offered in packages, are not typically claimable under insurance or MediSave for non-medical indications in Singapore, and may need maintenance if benefit occurs. Knowing what a full course costs, what happens if you stop after one session, and what the clinic will do if nothing changes are all reasonable things to establish before starting rather than afterwards.
Finally, it is worth naming something patients rarely hear from a clinic. For a proportion of women who come in asking about vaginal rejuvenation, the most useful outcome of the consultation is not a treatment plan at all — it is a diagnosis, reassurance that the anatomy is normal, or a referral. We regard that as a successful consultation, not a lost sale.
Frequently asked questions
RF Vaginal Rejuvenation FAQ
Is RF vaginal rejuvenation painful?
Most patients describe a warming sensation and tolerate treatment without anaesthesia, but “painless” should not be guaranteed. Sensitivity varies, and temporary burning, irritation, warmth or discomfort can occur. Sharp or severe pain during treatment is not expected and should be reported immediately.
How many sessions will I need?
Device protocols often use a short series of treatments, commonly three to four sessions, but the appropriate number depends on the concern, protocol and response. A fixed package should not replace assessment.
How long do results last?
Durability varies. Some device protocols and studies follow patients for several months, but there is not enough evidence to promise a universal 12-month result. Hormonal changes, childbirth, ageing and pelvic-floor status can influence symptoms over time.
Can RF treat stress urinary incontinence?
Some studies report urinary-symptom improvement, but RF is not the standard first-line treatment for stress urinary incontinence. Major guidelines recommend supervised pelvic-floor muscle training first. Persistent leakage deserves proper continence assessment.
Does RF strengthen the pelvic-floor muscles?
RF primarily delivers energy to tissue; it is not the same as actively training the pelvic-floor muscles. Some studies report changes in pelvic-floor measures after RF, but pelvic-floor muscle training directly targets strength, coordination and endurance and remains important when weakness is present.
Can RF improve sexual satisfaction?
Some studies have shown improvement in sexual-function questionnaires, while higher-quality evidence is mixed. Sexual satisfaction is influenced by lubrication, pain, hormones, relationship factors, pelvic-floor function and other health issues, so improvement cannot be guaranteed.
Does RF improve fertility?
There is no good evidence that RF vaginal rejuvenation increases fertility. It should not be marketed as a fertility treatment. Patients trying to conceive should address fertility questions through appropriate reproductive or medical assessment.
Can I have RF treatment during menopause?
Possibly, but menopause-related dryness, burning and painful intercourse should first be assessed for GSM and other causes. Established non-hormonal and prescription treatments should be discussed. RF may be considered as an alternative or adjunct in selected patients after informed counselling.
Can I have treatment after childbirth?
Postpartum timing depends on healing, breastfeeding status, pelvic-floor symptoms and whether there was tearing, episiotomy, prolapse or other complication. Early postpartum pelvic-floor rehabilitation may be more relevant than an energy procedure. Treatment should wait until recovery is adequate and the concern has been assessed.
What is the difference between RF and laser vaginal treatment?
Both are energy-based. Laser devices deposit energy according to how specific wavelengths are absorbed by tissue water and are often fractionally ablative. RF heats through tissue impedance and is generally non-ablative and more diffuse. Neither has been shown to be reliably superior, and both share the same evidence limitations.
Is there any downtime?
Downtime is usually minimal and most women resume ordinary non-strenuous activity the same day. Specific advice about intercourse, tampons, swimming, sauna and vigorous exercise depends on the area treated and is given individually rather than as a blanket rule.
Can I have RF if I use vaginal estrogen?
Often yes, and the two are not mutually exclusive. Vaginal estrogen has a well-established evidence base for GSM, and RF would be considered as an addition or an alternative where hormonal therapy is unsuitable or declined. Any current therapy should be declared so that the plan makes sense as a whole.
Can I have RF during my period?
Internal treatment is generally scheduled outside menstruation for comfort and practicality. Timing is arranged at booking.
Is it safe if I have an IUD or an implanted electronic device?
An intrauterine device is usually not a barrier to external treatment, but it must be declared and considered for internal treatment. Implanted electronic devices such as pacemakers are a specific consideration with radiofrequency and require review of device-specific contraindications before any treatment is planned.
Who performs the treatment?
Assessment and treatment planning at Aquila are doctor-led. If your symptoms suggest prolapse, incontinence requiring formal evaluation, infection, vulvar skin disease or another condition outside the scope of a device treatment, we will say so and direct you appropriately.
Will anyone be able to tell I have had this treatment?
No. There are no external marks or visible signs from internal treatment, and no medication or aftercare that would be evident to anyone else.
Is RF vaginal rejuvenation covered by insurance or MediSave in Singapore?
Treatments performed for cosmetic or quality-of-life indications are generally not claimable under MediSave or most private insurance policies. Where symptoms form part of a diagnosed medical condition, check directly with your insurer, as the position may differ.
What if the treatment does not work for me?
That is a legitimate outcome and it happens. If the symptom you came in for has not changed after an appropriate course, the right response is to revisit the diagnosis rather than continue treating. We would rather stop and reassess than sell additional sessions.
Is there an age limit?
There is no fixed upper or lower age limit. Suitability depends on the symptom, examination findings, menopausal status and general health rather than age alone.
How should I prepare for my appointment?
Come prepared to describe the symptom in your own words, when it started and what makes it better or worse. Bring a list of current medications, note any recent cervical screening, and mention previous childbirth, pelvic surgery, infections or ongoing gynaecological care.
Singapore feminine health consultation
RF vaginal rejuvenation at Aquila Medical Center
Aquila Medical Center is located at 160 Robinson Road, #05-01 SBF Centre Medical Suites, Singapore 068914, in the Central Business District, a short walk from Tanjong Pagar, Shenton Way and Telok Ayer MRT stations. Patients searching for non-surgical vaginal rejuvenation, vaginal laxity treatment or menopause-related intimate-health options in Singapore can book a consultation to determine whether RF is appropriate.
Consultations are conducted privately and unhurried, and there is no expectation that you will proceed to treatment. Our approach is to identify the symptom first, explain established alternatives, discuss the evidence and limitations of RF, and then decide whether treatment fits your goals. Where symptoms suggest pelvic-floor dysfunction, urinary disease, prolapse, infection, significant menopause-related GSM or another condition, appropriate treatment or referral takes priority.
You can read more about our doctors or compare laser vaginal rejuvenation.
References
Scientific references & further reading
1. Pereira GMV et al. Treatment of women with vaginal laxity: systematic review with meta-analysis. J Sex Med. 2024. PubMed.
2. Pereira GMV et al. Pelvic floor muscle training vs radiofrequency for women with vaginal laxity: randomized clinical trial. J Sex Med. 2024. PubMed.
3. Wattanakrai P et al. Multipolar radiofrequency with pulsed electromagnetic field technology for vaginal laxity: double-blind randomized sham-controlled trial. Lasers Med Sci. 2022. PubMed.
4. Krychman M et al. Effect of single-treatment surface-cooled radiofrequency on vaginal laxity and female sexual function: VIVEVE I randomized controlled trial. 2017. PubMed.
5. The North American Menopause Society. 2020 position statement on genitourinary syndrome of menopause. Menopause. 2020. PubMed.
6. Lumowa FSR et al. Efficacy and safety of radiofrequency for genitourinary syndrome of menopause: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. 2026. PubMed.
7. Radiofrequency versus vaginal estrogen for menopausal sexual dysfunction: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. 2026. PubMed.
8. Joris A et al. Randomized trial: treatment of genitourinary syndrome of menopause using radiofrequency. 2024. PubMed.
9. Physical energies for the management of genitourinary syndrome of menopause: overview of systematic reviews and network meta-analysis. PubMed.
10. Karcher C, Sadick N. Vaginal rejuvenation using energy-based devices. Int J Womens Dermatol. 2016. PMC.
11. US Food and Drug Administration. FDA warns against use of energy-based devices to perform vaginal “rejuvenation” or vaginal cosmetic procedures: FDA Safety Communication, July 2018. FDA.
12. American Urogynecologic Society. Clinical consensus statement: vaginal energy-based devices. Urogynecology. 2022. PubMed.
13. Shobeiri SA et al. Energy-based devices for vaginal “rejuvenation,” urinary incontinence, vaginal cosmetic procedures and other vulvo-vaginal disorders: an international multidisciplinary expert panel opinion. 2019. PubMed.
14. Seki AS et al. CO2 laser and radiofrequency compared with a sham control group in treatment of stress urinary incontinence (LARF study arm 3): randomized controlled trial. Int Urogynecol J. 2022. PubMed.
15. Sexual function after energy-based treatments of women with urinary incontinence: systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Urogynecol J. 2023. Springer.
16. NICE. Urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse in women: management. Pelvic-floor muscle training recommendations. NICE.
17. 2024 Canadian Urological Association guideline: female stress urinary incontinence. PMC.
18. Medsafe (New Zealand). Energy-based vaginal rejuvenation devices — safety communication. Medsafe.
19. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03725410. Multi-polar RF and PEMF for symptoms associated with vulvovaginal atrophy using Venus Fiore. ClinicalTrials.gov.
20. Venus Concept. Venus Fiore regulatory indications and device information vary by market. Venus Concept.
This page provides general educational information and does not replace an individual medical or gynecologic assessment. Treatment suitability, device settings and expected outcomes are individualised, results vary between patients, and no outcome can be guaranteed. Content reviewed by the medical team at Aquila Medical Center, Singapore. Last reviewed: 25 August 2026.